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Gensys Users Meeting 14/10-2014

• User presentations
• Gensys.1410
• Tutorials 1410
• Tips and tricks
• Questions suggestions
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Gensys.1410

1. Will soon be ready for download from the Internet.
   
2. CALC
• Integrator HEUN_D has been made more rubust. However integrator HEUN_D requires that the damping of the largest eigen value is over 100%. This is also the case in most railway vehicle models.
  
  Example output from modal:

  
     . . . . . . . 
  
     117     -3.2696E+02  -6.8192E+02             -108.53         43.2
     118     -3.2696E+02   6.8192E+02              108.53         43.2
     119     -3.2912E+02  -6.8133E+02             -108.44         43.5
     120     -3.2912E+02   6.8133E+02              108.44         43.5
     121     -3.2546E+02  -6.9105E+02             -109.98         42.6
     122     -3.2546E+02   6.9105E+02              109.98         42.6
     123     -3.2332E+02  -6.9165E+02             -110.08         42.3
     124     -3.2332E+02   6.9165E+02              110.08         42.3
     125     -2.1015E+02  -7.5532E+02             -120.21         26.8
     126     -2.1015E+02   7.5532E+02              120.21         26.8
     127     -2.1015E+02  -7.5532E+02             -120.21         26.8
     128     -2.1015E+02   7.5532E+02              120.21         26.8
     129     -2.1067E+02  -7.5402E+02             -120.01         26.9
     130     -2.1067E+02   7.5402E+02              120.01         26.9
     131     -2.1067E+02  -7.5402E+02             -120.01         26.9
     132     -2.1067E+02   7.5402E+02              120.01         26.9
     133     -1.1375E+03   0.0000E+00                0.00        100.0
     134     -1.1375E+03   0.0000E+00                0.00        100.0
     135     -1.1375E+03   0.0000E+00                0.00        100.0
     136     -1.1375E+03   0.0000E+00                0.00        100.0
   

  
  Max integrator timestep is proportional to 1/s_max
  Where s= √σ² + ω²
  
  In case the damping of the largest eigen value is under 100%, please use HEUN_C.
  
  Results from tutorial intro_tutor_3_bobo_pe3:
  Processing time heun_c= 30.18 [s]
  Processing time heun_d=  9.92 [s]
  
  
  
• 
  Stiffness in a coupling can be defined via a property, variable or constant.
  
  Example #1: Definition via property
  

    coupl p_lin ktr_=   0.    25e6
  #
    coupl k     ktr11  car_1  ktr_Ac ktr_Bc -ktr_Hc
                       bog_11 ktr_Ab ktr_Bb -ktr_Hb  ktr_11  esys_1  c
  

  
  Example #2: Definition via variable
  

    func  operp ktr=  25e6 + 1e6 * sin( `2*pi*freq` * time )
  #
    coupl k     ktr11  car_1  ktr_Ac ktr_Bc -ktr_Hc
                       bog_11 ktr_Ab ktr_Bb -ktr_Hb  ktr     esys_1  c
  

  
  Example #3: Definition via constant
  

    coupl k     ktr11  car_1  ktr_Ac ktr_Bc -ktr_Hc
                       bog_11 ktr_Ab ktr_Bb -ktr_Hb  25e6    esys_1  c
  

  
  The following couplings handles this way of entering input:
  c, c_l, c_r, k, k_l, k_r, k3, k3_l, k3_r, k_coil3, kc, kf, kf2
  
  In the users manual this is indicated with p_+-` before the property.
  Example "coupl k":

   coupl k  `c_name' `body1' +-`a1 +-`b1 +-`h1
                     `body2' +-`a2 +-`b2 +-`h2
                      p_+-`property `esys' `dire`
  

3. DECODE_STL
• New program that translates a stl-file into body-commands which can be used by gplot and/or glplot.
  
  STL is short for "Standard Tessellation Language". The file format is supported by many other software packages; it is widely used for computer-aided manufacturing.
  
  Example Glplot:
  
  
  Example Gplot:
  
  
4. GEN_AVCONV.BAT
• Video format .mp4 has been added.
• (script GEN_AVCONV.BAT is used when creating videos in Gensys)
• In HTML5 a video can be inserted in a webpage with the following code:

  <video controls>
   <source type="video/mp4" src="vehicle_passing_bridge_vkmh36.mp4">
    Sorry but your browser doesn't support HTML5 video.
  </video> 
  

5. GLPLOT
• Animation of forces.
• Also animate forces given via the force command
6. GENFILE & GENTERM
• New command "cdp" to push directory on DIRSTACK
• New commands "genlocate" and "genlocate_dir" which searches for files and directories in the whole file system.
• New commands "cd.." and "li.." which change to parent directory and lists parent directory respectively
7. KPF
• The code which detects contact areas has been improved. If the contact pressure is too noisy, an error message will be printed and further execution will stop.
• New input data commands in kpf SYMBOLS_CP= 1 2 3 and SYMBOLS_CP_KPFR= 1 2 3 Setting the symbols in the kpf diagrams
8. MGV
• Zoom with mouse button #1
• Scroll with mouse wheel
9. NEDIT
• A new pulldown menu item "Shell->GENSYS->UsersManual_select" that opens the manual for current input data file and automatically scrolls down to the command that the user has marked with the mouse.
  
  To make this work good, it is necessesary to run run firefox in the background. Otherwise editor Nedit will hang.
10. OPTI
• No of cases has been increased up to 99999.
• Posibility to change 100 expressions in each case.
11. TRC_CSV_TRACK
• New program that translates the CSV track recording format into trax_wdesign-format.
  The CSV-file is read with "awk" which makes the reading more flexible, in case the columns will change in the future.
12. WEBPAGE
• Updated with responsive design, i.e. adjusts to the size of the screen so it can be easily viewed on tablets and mobile phones.
• For backward compatibilitet, old and obsolete CALC-commands are not removed in the programs, only in the users manual. However the old commands can still be found at www.gensys.se/doc_html/Old_input_calc.html

Tutorials 1410

1. Example intro_tutor_3_bobo_pe3 has been updated since rel.1402. Now the bogie has been written in a substructure, to make it easier to copy the bogie into other vehicle models.
2. New recommended track stiffness & damping to made the execution faster
• 
  Damper czrt_ changed from 50e3 to 1e6

  
  ##
  ##      Couplings between rail and track
  ##      ====================================================================
  !
  !                                                     kyrt_              _______                                                                          
  !                               _______         |----/\/\/\/----|       |       |                                                  
  !                              /       \        |               |       |       |                                                  
  !                              [  ral  ]--------|               |-------|       |                                                  
  !                              [__   __]        |    |------    |       |       |                                                  
  !                                 | |           |----|   |------|       |       |                                                  
  !                                 | |                |------            |       |                                                  
  !                                 | |                 cyrt_             |       |                                                  
  !                                 | |                                   |       |                                                  
  !                           _____/   \_____                             |       |                                                  
  !                          |_______________|                            |       |                                                  
  !                                  |                                    |       |                                                  
  !                              ____|____                                |       |                                                  
  !                             |         |                               |       |                                                  
  !                           |_|_|       \                               |       |                                                  
  !                     czrt_ |   |       /  kzrt_                        |       |                                                  
  !                           |___|       \                               |       |                                                  
  !                             |         /                               |       |                                                  
  !                             |_________|                               |       |                                                  
  !                                  |                                    |       |                                                  
  !          ________________________|____________________________________|       |_______________        
  !                                                                                                                                  
  !                                                                                                                                  
  !                                            trc                                                                                   
  !                                                                                                                                  
  !          _____________________________________________________________________________________        
  !                                                                                                                                  
    func const kyrt_=       17e6
    func const kzrt_=      230e6
  # func const kzrt.F0_= `-kmbaF0_ + ma_/2*9.81`
    func const kzrt.F0_=     0.                   # Allows for variable vertical stiffness
    func const cyrt_=       10e3
    func const czrt_=        1e6  # 50e3
  

• 
  Stiffness knwr_ changed from 2400e6 to 600e6

         cp1_$1r                                  # Name of contact point #1 right side                   
         trc_$1  cp1_$1r.ksi cp1_$1r.bo  0.       # Contact on track                                      
         axl_$1   0.         cp1_$1r.bo  0.       # Contact on wheel/wheelset                             
         mu_$1r1                                  # Coefficient of friction                               
         2.05e11 .3                               # Modulus of elasticity and Poisson's ratio             
         mu_$1r1/.6   mu_$1r1/.6   mu_$1r1/.6     # Creepage reduction due to contaminated rail surface   
         0.                         600e6         # Prestress force and stiffness normal to the surface   
  

• 
  Comparison old and new data:
  
3. How to control flange lubrication on wheel.
• 
  First define the following two substructures (create_mu and update_mu) in your input data file:

  
  ##
  ##      Create individual friction coefficients for all contact areas on all wheels
  ##      ==========================================================================================
    func const   muTread = 0.4    # Friction coeff on tread
    func const   muFlange= 0.1    # Friction coeff on flange
  
    substruct create_mu [         # $1= Wheel number                                              
     func const mu_$1l1= 0.4              func const mu_$1r1= 0.4                 # Fric coeff    
     func const mu_$1l2= 0.4              func const mu_$1r2= 0.4                                 
     func const mu_$1l3= 0.4              func const mu_$1r3= 0.4                                 
     func const mulf_$1l1= mu_$1l1/0.6    func const mulf_$1r1= mu_$1r1/0.6       # Creep relax   
     func const mulf_$1l2= mu_$1l2/0.6    func const mulf_$1r2= mu_$1r2/0.6                       
     func const mulf_$1l3= mu_$1l3/0.6    func const mulf_$1r3= mu_$1r3/0.6                       
    ]
  
  ##                                                                                                      
  ##      Creepage & creep forces                                                                         
  ##      =============================================================                                   
    substruct wr_coupl_pe3 [      # $1= Axel number                                                       
     func wr_coupl_pe3                                                                                    
  #                                                                                                       
         $1                                       # Name/number of the wheelset                           
         lsa_$1                                   # Name of the linear local coordinate system   
     .....................
     ]         
  
    substruct wr_coupl_pe4 [      # $1= Axel number                                                       
    func wr_coupl_pe4  $1                                                                                 
  #                                                                                                       
         cp1_$1r                                                                                          
         trc_$1  cp1_$1r.ksi cp1_$1r.bo  0.       # Contact on track                                      
         axl_$1   0.         cp1_$1r.bo  0.       # Contact on wheel                                      
     .....................
     ]         
  
  ##
  ##      Update the friction coeff depending on the location of the contact point.
  ##     (From -.070 to +.024 muTread is valid.
  ##      From +.030 to +.070 muFlange is valid.
  ##      From +.024 to +.030 a linear transition area)
  ##      ==========================================================================================
    substruct update_mu [ # $1= Wheel number                                                                      
    no_warning func intpl_l mu_$1l1= cp1_$1l.posw  -.070 muTread  .024 muTread  .030 muFlange  .070 muFlange      
    no_warning func intpl_l mu_$1l2= cp2_$1l.posw  -.070 muTread  .024 muTread  .030 muFlange  .070 muFlange      
    no_warning func intpl_l mu_$1l3= cp3_$1l.posw  -.070 muTread  .024 muTread  .030 muFlange  .070 muFlange      
  #                                                                                                               
    no_warning func intpl_l mu_$1r3= cp3_$1r.posw  -.070 muTread  .024 muTread  .030 muFlange  .070 muFlange      
    no_warning func intpl_l mu_$1r2= cp2_$1r.posw  -.070 muTread  .024 muTread  .030 muFlange  .070 muFlange      
    no_warning func intpl_l mu_$1r1= cp1_$1r.posw  -.070 muTread  .024 muTread  .030 muFlange  .070 muFlange      
  #                                                                                                               
    no_warning func div   mulf_$1l1= mu_$1l1 0.6     no_warning func div   mulf_$1r1= mu_$1r1 0.6                 
    no_warning func div   mulf_$1l2= mu_$1l2 0.6     no_warning func div   mulf_$1r2= mu_$1r2 0.6                 
    no_warning func div   mulf_$1l3= mu_$1l3 0.6     no_warning func div   mulf_$1r3= mu_$1r3 0.6                 
    ]
  

• 
  Use the two substructures when creating the connection between wheel and rail:

  
  ##                                                                                                      
  ##      Create individual friction coefficients for all contact areas on all wheels
  ##      ==========================================================================================      
    in_substruct create_mu [ $21 ]                                                                        
    in_substruct create_mu [ $22 ]                                                                        
  
  ##                                                                                                      
  ##      Creep & creep forces
  ##      ================================================================                                
    if_then_char_init cwr_coupl .eq. "pe3"                                                                
     in_substruct wr_coupl_pe3 [ $21 ]                                                                    
     in_substruct wr_coupl_pe3 [ $22 ]                                                                    
    elseif_then_char_init cwr_coupl .eq. "pe4"                                                            
     in_substruct wr_coupl_pe4 [ $21 ]                                                                    
     in_substruct wr_coupl_pe4 [ $22 ]                                                                    
    else                                                                                                  
     func print06_char_init " "                                                                           
     func print06_char_init " ***ERROR*** In Input Reading"                                               
     func print06_char_init "             Unvalid value given for character variable cwr_coupl"           
     func stop                                                                                            
    endif                                                                                                 
  
  ##                                                                                                      
  ##      Update the friction coeff depending on the location of the contact point.
  ##      =============================================================================================   
    in_substruct update_mu [ $21 ]                                                                        
    in_substruct update_mu [ $22 ]                                                                        
  

4. How to control gauge corner lubrication on rail.
• 
  First define the following two substructures in your input data file:

  
  ##                                                                                                      
  ##      Create individual friction coefficients for all contact areas on all wheels                     
  ##      ==========================================================================================      
    func const mu_radius= 1./420. # Lubricate all curves tighter than 420 m
    func const   mu_def = 0.4     # Default friction coeff valid for curves bigger than 420 m
    func const   mu_or  = 0.4     # Default friction coeff in curves; outer rail
    func const   mu_ir  = 0.4     # Default friction coeff in curves; inner rail
    func const   mu_gcor= 0.1     # Friction coeff on gauge corner and below; outer rail
  
    substruct create_mu [         # $1= Wheelset number                           
     func const mu_$1l1= 0.4              func const mu_$1r1= 0.4                 
     func const mu_$1l2= 0.4              func const mu_$1r2= 0.4                 
     func const mu_$1l3= 0.4              func const mu_$1r3= 0.4                 
     func const mulf_$1l1= mu_$1l1/0.6    func const mulf_$1r1= mu_$1r1/0.6       
     func const mulf_$1l2= mu_$1l2/0.6    func const mulf_$1r2= mu_$1r2/0.6       
     func const mulf_$1l3= mu_$1l3/0.6    func const mulf_$1r3= mu_$1r3/0.6       
    ]
  
  ##                                                                                                      
  ##      Creep & creep forces
  ##      ================================================================                                
    if_then_char_init cwr_coupl .eq. "pe3"                                                                
     in_substruct wr_coupl_pe3 [ $21 ]                                                                    
     in_substruct wr_coupl_pe3 [ $22 ]                                                                    
    elseif_then_char_init cwr_coupl .eq. "pe4"                                                            
     in_substruct wr_coupl_pe4 [ $21 ]                                                                    
     in_substruct wr_coupl_pe4 [ $22 ]                                                                    
    else                                                                                                  
     func print06_char_init " "                                                                           
     func print06_char_init " ***ERROR*** In Input Reading"                                               
     func print06_char_init "             Unvalid value given for character variable cwr_coupl"           
     func stop                                                                                            
    endif                                                                                                 
  
  ##                                                                                                              
  ##      Update the friction coeff depending on the location of the contact point.                               
  ##      First interpolate along the track depending on track curvature                                          
  ##      Lubricate tangent track with mu_def                                                                     
  ##      Lubricate tread with mu_ir for inner rail and mu_or for outer rail                                      
  ##      Lubricate gauge corner with mu_gcor for outer rail                                                      
  ##      ==========================================================================================              
   substruct update_mu [         # $1= Wheelset number                                                            
  #                                                                                                               
    func intpl_l  mutl_$1= lsa_$1.b                                                       ## Tread left side as function of curve radius
                          -1. mu_ir   -mu_radius-1e-6 mu_ir   -mu_radius      mu_def               # Left  handed curve lubricate left  tread;  inner rail
                                       mu_radius      mu_def   mu_radius+1e-6 mu_or     1. mu_or   # Right handed curve lubricate left  tread;  outer rail
    func intpl_l  mufl_$1= lsa_$1.b                                                       ## Flange left side as function of curve radius
                          -1. mu_ir   -mu_radius-1e-6 mu_ir   -mu_radius      mu_def               # Left  handed curve lubricate left  flange; inner rail
                                       mu_radius      mu_def   mu_radius+1e-6 mu_gcor   1. mu_gcor # Right handed curve lubricate left  flange; outer rail
  #                                                                                                               
    func intpl_l  mutr_$1= lsa_$1.b                                                       ## Tread right side as function of curve radius
                          -1. mu_or   -mu_radius-1e-6 mu_or   -mu_radius      mu_def               # Left  handed curve lubricate right tread;  outer rail
                                       mu_radius      mu_def   mu_radius+1e-6 mu_ir     1. mu_ir   # Right handed curve lubricate right tread;  inner rail
    func intpl_l  mufr_$1= lsa_$1.b                                                       ## Flange right side as function of curve radius
                          -1. mu_gcor -mu_radius-1e-6 mu_gcor -mu_radius      mu_def               # Left  handed curve lubricate right flange; outer rail
                                       mu_radius      mu_def   mu_radius+1e-6 mu_ir     1. mu_ir   # Right handed curve lubricate right flange; inner rail
  
  ##                                                                                                              
  ##  Second interpolate laterally depending on the lateral position of the contact points                        
  ##  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                        
    no_warning func intpl_l mu_cp1_$1l= cp1_$1l.posr  -.070 0.5  .020 0.5  .026 0.5  .070 0.5                     
    no_warning func intpl_l mu_cp2_$1l= cp2_$1l.posr  -.070 0.5  .020 0.5  .026 0.5  .070 0.5                     
    no_warning func intpl_l mu_cp2_$1r= cp2_$1r.posr  -.070 0.5  .020 0.5  .026 0.5  .070 0.5                     
    no_warning func intpl_l mu_cp1_$1r= cp1_$1r.posr  -.070 0.5  .020 0.5  .026 0.5  .070 0.5                     
  #                                                                                                               
    no_warning func copy mu_cp1_$1l.y1= mutl_$1                                                                   
    no_warning func copy mu_cp2_$1l.y1= mutl_$1                   # Update the values in the above                
    no_warning func copy mu_cp2_$1r.y1= mutr_$1                   # interpolation                                 
    no_warning func copy mu_cp1_$1r.y1= mutr_$1                                                                   
  #                                                                                                               
    no_warning func copy mu_cp1_$1l.y2= mutl_$1                                                                   
    no_warning func copy mu_cp2_$1l.y2= mutl_$1                                                                   
    no_warning func copy mu_cp2_$1r.y2= mutr_$1                                                                   
    no_warning func copy mu_cp1_$1r.y2= mutr_$1                                                                   
  #                                                                                                               
    no_warning func copy mu_cp1_$1l.y3= mufl_$1                                                                   
    no_warning func copy mu_cp2_$1l.y3= mufl_$1                                                                   
    no_warning func copy mu_cp2_$1r.y3= mufr_$1                                                                   
    no_warning func copy mu_cp1_$1r.y3= mufr_$1                                                                   
  #                                                                                                               
    no_warning func copy mu_cp1_$1l.y4= mufl_$1                                                                   
    no_warning func copy mu_cp2_$1l.y4= mufl_$1                                                                   
    no_warning func copy mu_cp2_$1r.y4= mufr_$1                                                                   
    no_warning func copy mu_cp1_$1r.y4= mufr_$1                                                                   
  #                                                                                                               
    no_warning func div   mulf_$1l1= mu_cp1_$1l  0.6            # Also update the creep relaxation factors        
    no_warning func div   mulf_$1l2= mu_cp2_$1l  0.6                                                              
    no_warning func div   mulf_$1r2= mu_cp2_$1r  0.6                                                              
    no_warning func div   mulf_$1r1= mu_cp1_$1r  0.6                                                              
  
  ##                                                              
  ##  Save frictions coeff.                                       
  ##  -----------------------------------------------             
    s_var sngl mu_cp1_$1l                                         
    s_var sngl mu_cp2_$1l                                         
    s_var sngl mu_cp2_$1r                                         
    s_var sngl mu_cp1_$1r                                         
  ]
  

• 
  Use the two substructures when creating the connection between wheel and rail:

  
  ##                                                                                                      
  ##      Create individual friction coefficients for all contact areas on all wheels                     
  ##      ==========================================================================================      
    in_substruct create_mu [ $21 ]                                                                        
    in_substruct create_mu [ $22 ]                                                                        
  
  ##                                                                                                      
  ##      Creepage & creep forces                                                                         
  ##      ================================================================                                
    if_then_char_init cwr_coupl .eq. "pe3"                                                                
     in_substruct wr_coupl_pe3 [ $21 ]                                                                    
     in_substruct wr_coupl_pe3 [ $22 ]                                                                    
    elseif_then_char_init cwr_coupl .eq. "pe4"                                                            
     in_substruct wr_coupl_pe4 [ $21 ]                                                                    
     in_substruct wr_coupl_pe4 [ $22 ]                                                                    
    else                                                                                                  
     func print06_char_init " "                                                                           
     func print06_char_init " ***ERROR*** In Input Reading"                                               
     func print06_char_init "             Unvalid value given for character variable cwr_coupl"           
     func stop                                                                                            
    endif                                                                                                 
  
  ##                                                                                                      
  ##      Update the friction coeff depending track curvature and location of the contact point.          
  ##      =============================================================================================   
    in_substruct update_mu [ $21 ]                                                                        
    in_substruct update_mu [ $22 ]                                                                        
  

5. Still standing track model
• 
  Speed 36 km/h: (Deformations are amplified with a factor of 80)
• 
  Speed 360 km/h:
• 
  Create two Euler systems. A fixed system for the track. A moving system for the vehicle.

  #
    lsys e_fix esys_0  0. 0. 0.
  #
    lsys e_abs_bendrf  esys_1   Vo   `Xtrac_start+1+aba+acb`
                                      ro_trac_design f_trac_design z_trac_design
                                           4 4           4 4           4 4
  

• 
  Create all sleepers:

    substruct LumpedRail [        # $1= Serial number; $2= X-position
     lsys l_local       lst_$1    esys_0  $2 0. 0.                        # Local coordinate system, not moving
     mass fixpoint_6    ground_$1 lst_$1  0. 0. 0.                        # Fixed ground points
  
     mass m_rigid_6f    rail_$1l lst_$1  0. -.75 0.372  mr mr mr Jfr Jkr Jpr
     constr fix_rigid_1 rail_$1l x 0.  
     constr fix_rigid_1 rail_$1l p 0.
     body box_lsys      rail_$1l lst_$1   .4*SleeperDist -.4*SleeperDist  -.5 -1.0   .2 0.
  
     mass m_rigid_6f    rail_$1r lst_$1  0. 0.75 0.372  mr mr mr Jfr Jkr Jpr
     constr fix_rigid_1 rail_$1r x 0.  
     constr fix_rigid_1 rail_$1r p 0.
     body box_lsys      rail_$1r lst_$1   .4*SleeperDist -.4*SleeperDist  0.5  1.0   .2 0.
  
     s_var sngl lst_$1.x
     s_var sngl rail_$1l.z   s_var sngl rail_$1r.z
     s_var sngl rail_$1l.Fz  s_var sngl rail_$1r.Fz
     s_var sngl rail_$1l.k   s_var sngl rail_$1r.k
     s_var sngl rail_$1l.Mk  s_var sngl rail_$1r.Mk
    ]
    in_substruct LumpedRail [ 01   1*SleeperDist ]   # Create lumped masses along the track
    in_substruct LumpedRail [ 02   2*SleeperDist ]
    in_substruct LumpedRail [ 03   3*SleeperDist ]
    in_substruct LumpedRail [ 04   4*SleeperDist ]
    in_substruct LumpedRail [ 05   5*SleeperDist ]
    . . . . . . . . 
  

• 
  Create small intermediate masses between wheel and rail:

    mass   m_rigid_6f   ral_$111r lsa_$111  0.  .75  0.   10 10 10   20 20 20  # rails
    mass   m_rigid_6f   ral_$112r lsa_$112  0.  .75  0.   10 10 10   20 20 20
    mass   m_rigid_6f   ral_$121r lsa_$121  0.  .75  0.   10 10 10   20 20 20
    mass   m_rigid_6f   ral_$122r lsa_$122  0.  .75  0.   10 10 10   20 20 20
    mass   m_rigid_6f   ral_$111l lsa_$111  0. -.75  0.   10 10 10   20 20 20
    mass   m_rigid_6f   ral_$112l lsa_$112  0. -.75  0.   10 10 10   20 20 20
    mass   m_rigid_6f   ral_$121l lsa_$121  0. -.75  0.   10 10 10   20 20 20
    mass   m_rigid_6f   ral_$122l lsa_$122  0. -.75  0.   10 10 10   20 20 20
  

• 
  Connect the small intermediate masses with the sleepers by using coupl beam_3

    coupl beam_3 leftSide  z              # Connect all masses with this beam element
       4                                  # Four wheels
     ral_111l  0. -.75 0  16*160e6        # Stiffness in contact point
     ral_112l  0. -.75 0  16*160e6
     ral_121l  0. -.75 0  16*160e6
     ral_122l  0. -.75 0  16*160e6
      60                                  # 60 rail/bridge sections
     rail_01l    .0  -.75 0    
     rail_02l    .0  -.75 0  EI_rail      # Young's modulus times area moment of inertia
     rail_03l    .0  -.75 0  EI_rail      # for each section
     rail_04l    .0  -.75 0  EI_rail
     rail_05l    .0  -.75 0  EI_rail
     rail_06l    .0  -.75 0  EI_rail
     . . . . . . 
  

• 
  Finally connect the small intermediate masses with the wheels by using coupl creep_lookuptable_1

    coupl creep_lookuptable_1 cp1_$111r
                    axl_$111  0.0          bo_ 0.0
                    ral_$111r whe_$111r.x  bo_ 0.0  esys_$1 m
                    tral$111r.y            # Lateral position track irregularity
                    tral$111r.z            # Vertical position track irregularity
                    tral$111r.vy           # Lateral velocity track irregularity
                    tral$111r.vz           # Vertical velocity track irregularity
                    mu_$111r1/0.6          # Longitudinal creep relaxation due to contaminated surfaces
                    mu_$111r1/0.6          # Lateral      creep relaxation due to contaminated surfaces
                    mu_$111r1/0.6          # Spin         creep relaxation due to contaminated surfaces
                    cp1_zfn_$111r          # Wheel lift geometric function
                    cp1_drfn_$111r         # Wheel radius geometric function
                    cp1_gamfn_$111r        # Contact angle geometric function
                    cp1_rofn_$111r         # Lateral curvature geometric function
                    cp1_poswfn_$111r       # Lateral position of contact point on wheel 
                    cp1_posrfn_$111r       # Lateral position of contact point on rail
                    0.                     # Wheel/rail prestess force in normal direction of contact surface
                    knwr_$111r             # Wheel/rail stiffness in normal direction of contact surface
                    cnwr_$111r             # Wheel/rail damping   in normal direction of contact surface
                    2.05e11                # The combined modulus of elasticity for body1 and body2
                    .3                     # The combined Poisson's ratio for body1 and body2
                    mu_$111r1              # The coefficient of friction in the contact surface
                    ro_$111r               # Wheel rolling radius, will vary for OOR-wheels
                    1e99                   # Vertical radius of rail                                     
  

6. Plots created by mplotf/Tsim_All_BoBo.mplotf in intro_tutor_3_bobo_pe3

Tips and tricks

1. Script forall_do
• Same command operating on many files.
  Example, translating all postscipt files into PDF-files:

  forall_do --ext gen_ps2pdf .ps .pdf
  

• Manual

• forall_do -h
  
  Usage: forall_do [options] sub_script  subst_1  [subst_2]
  
  Forall_do executes "sub_script" on all files having subst_1
  in their names in current directory. If "sub_script" generates 
  output files an optional [subst_2] can be given.
  Following options are understood.
  --ext   Only operate on file extension
  --help  Write this help information
  --test  Make a print of what is going to be made
  

2. How to pipe output from ls via awk to /bin/sh

• Example:	Execute all files maching expression "kpff/*.kpff" in program KPF
  	Send standard output to files "qout/*.qout".
  	Send exit status to files "qout/*.qout.stat".

  First test your script:

   ls -1 kpff/*.kpff | awk '{
   kpff_file=$1                                                 # Input data file
   stdout=$1; gsub("kpff","qout",stdout);                       # Standard output (replace "kpff" with "qout")
   print "kpf "kpff_file" > "stdout"; echo $? > "stdout".stat"  # Line to be executed
  }'
  

  Run your script:

   ls -1 kpff/*.kpff | awk '{
   kpff_file=$1                                                 # Input data file
   stdout=$1; gsub("kpff","qout",stdout);                       # Standard output (replace "kpff" with "qout")
   print "kpf "kpff_file" > "stdout"; echo $? > "stdout".stat"  # Line to be executed
  }' | /bin/sh                                                  # Send the line to a shell
  

  
  After execution
  Check that all executions has been terminated successfully:

  head *.stat | grep -B 1 '^[1-9]'
  

3. Auto complete gensys-commands by pressing "Shift+Alt+Return"
4. Easily create couplings with pulldown menu "Shell -> Gensys"
5. How to use # {{, # }{ and # }} in input data file
6. How to use command "op -"
• Output from "op -h":

  Usage: op [options] <files>
  
  Script op opens file(s) in an editor.
  Environment variable $genedit controls which editor to be started.
  By using wildcards several files can be opened simultaneously.
  If <files> is replaced by an hyphen (-), the name of the files will
  be read from standard input.
  
   Options:
  Following options are understood:
  -n        = Opens the newest file in the directory
  -q        = Open files in quiet mode
  -t        = Open in texteditor independently of file type.
  

• Example:

  grep -l 'substruct create_axl' runf/* | head -10 | op -